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## Tour
### Description
tour.description = Have a walkthrough of the HYSA INFRASTRUCTURE facilities on the North West University’s Faculty of Engineering at Potchefstroom campus.
### Title
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LOREM IPSUM
DOLOR SIT AME
CONSECTETUR ADIPISCING ELIT. MORBI BIBENDUM PHARETRA LOREM, ACCUMSAN SAN NULLA.
Mauris aliquet neque quis libero consequat vestibulum. Donec lacinia consequat dolor viverra sagittis. Praesent consequat porttitor risus, eu condimentum nunc. Proin et velit ac sapien luctus efficitur egestas ac augue. Nunc dictum, augue eget eleifend interdum, quam libero imperdiet lectus, vel scelerisque turpis lectus vel ligula. Duis a porta sem. Maecenas sollicitudin nunc id risus fringilla, a pharetra orci iaculis. Aliquam turpis ligula, tincidunt sit amet consequat ac, imperdiet non dolor.
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DONEC FEUGIAT:
• Nisl nec mi sollicitudin facilisis
• Nam sed faucibus est.
• Ut eget lorem sed leo.
• Sollicitudin tempor sit amet non urna.
• Aliquam feugiat mauris sit amet.
LOREM IPSUM:
$150,000
LOREM IPSUM
DOLOR SIT AME
CONSECTETUR ADIPISCING ELIT. MORBI BIBENDUM PHARETRA LOREM, ACCUMSAN SAN NULLA.
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Integer gravida dui quis euismod placerat. Maecenas quis accumsan ipsum. Aliquam gravida velit at dolor mollis, quis luctus mauris vulputate. Proin condimentum id nunc sed sollicitudin.
DONEC FEUGIAT:
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• Nam sed faucibus est.
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• Sollicitudin tempor sit amet non urna.
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LOREM IPSUM:
$150,000
___
LOREM IPSUM
DOLOR SIT AMET
JOHN DOE
Licensed Real Estate Salesperson
Tlf.: +11 111 111 111
jhondoe@realestate.com
www.loremipsum.com
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JOHN DOE
Licensed Real Estate Salesperson
Tlf.: +11 111 111 111
jhondoe@realestate.com
www.loremipsum.com
Mauris aliquet neque quis libero consequat vestibulum. Donec lacinia consequat dolor viverra sagittis. Praesent consequat porttitor risus, eu condimentum nunc. Proin et velit ac sapien luctus efficitur egestas ac augue. Nunc dictum, augue eget eleifend interdum, quam libero imperdiet lectus, vel scelerisque turpis lectus vel ligula. Duis a porta sem. Maecenas sollicitudin nunc id risus fringilla, a pharetra orci iaculis. Aliquam turpis ligula, tincidunt sit amet consequat ac, imperdiet non dolor.
HySA Infrastructure
Faculty of Engineering
North-West University
www.hysainfrastructure.com
www.loremipsum.com
info@loremipsum.com
Tlf.: +11 111 111 111
The mission of the HySA Infrastructure Center is to capitalize on abundant renewable energy resources as well as mineral base in South Africa and to deliver technologies for hydrogen production (linked to renewable energy), storage and distribution. Our key technology deliverables in broader terms include energy carrier, system integration, and infrastructure (such as electrochemical hydrogen compression, water electrolysis , LOHC technology, refueling stations, etc.). Our research is driven by product needs through technology development and demonstration (TD&D). Our scope of expertise makes provision for both energy services and access to the energy. We also have capabilities to develop and manufacture components, such as CCMs for various hydrogen-related processes, catalyst for LOHC, related systems. Information regarding current and upcoming projects and facilities within HySA Infrastructure can be viewed here and also linked to our website. In addition, a user is able to view and navigate through our dedicated facilities at NWU. Other hydrogen research hubs and centers in South Africa will also be linked to this site. The current version captures only a few installations at NWU HYSA labs. We will be updating the site and content on a regular basis.
Further reading:
The ventilation test facility (VTF) is used to evaluate the risk of storing and using fuel cell technology in underground mining and ventilation environments. The facility consists of a 50m long tunnel which is 5m wide and 3m tall and was designed to perform tests with <4% lower flammability limit (H2 in air) of hydrogen present, with 15% hydrogen in air. The entire system was designed for a hazardous environment. The ventilation fan blows into the tunnel, similar to a mine face, with fresh air returning to the tunnel opening. The ventilation fan hub and blades were manufactured from a composite material that cannot spark nor create heat, which could otherwise potentially ignite the hydrogen. The fan body was painted with an antistatic material. A 55-kW explosion proof motor (WEG) drives the fan and the fan speed is controlled by a variable frequency drive to perform tests at various ventilation volume and flow rates.
Further reading:
This laboratory facility is used to evaluate and demonstrate technologies in the subject field of “Power-to-Gas”: converting renewable hydrogen into useful and energy dense chemicals such as methane and methanol. Chemical conversion pathways such as ammonia and formic acid decomposition have also been investigated to produce high-purity hydrogen from chemical storage mediums. Furthermore, the laboratory facilitates separation & purification studies of hydrogen from other common industrial gas components, some of which (carbon monoxide and ammonia) are known to be harmful towards PEM fuel cell technologies. R&D by HySA Infrastructure has featured both chemical conversion and separation methods. Typically, this research is carried out using analytical tools such as Gas Chromatography and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy to assist in determining process characteristics.
Further reading:
Pre-commercial large-scale R&D hydrogenation plant is used for storage of hydrogen using LOHC. The plant comprises of a 50-litre fixed bed reactor and has the capacity to produce 5L/hr of hydrogenated LOHC. Hydrogen consumption rate is 4 Nm3/hr, operating pressure and temperature are confidential.
Further reading:
The LOHC R&D plant is used for hydrogenation of LOHC for hydrogen storage on a medium scale. This system has a 16-litre fixed bed reactor which consumes 1Nm3/hr of hydrogen and produces 1.2L/hr of hydrogenated LOHC.
Further reading:
HySA Infrastructure has been successfully operating the first of its kind Solar-to-Hydrogen system in South Africa since 2013. Several systems and upgrades have been commissioned ranging from 0.5 kg Hydrogen per day up to 9kg per day of ultra-pure green hydrogen. Currently, HySA Infrastructure has a combined storge of more than 280 kg of hydrogen with the maximum allowed storage at their G10 facility capped at 55 kg at 200 bar pressure.
Further reading:
Advancements in HPC coupled with refinements in computational algorithms have made computational studies in martial sciences tractable. The computational servers at HySA Infrastructure are employed for both quantum mechanics as well as molecular dynamics calculations to elucidate the evolution of different catalytic reactions on heterogeneous catalysts’ surfaces.
The BioLogic SP-150 Potentiostat coupled to a Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE) three-electrode system is used to characterise various electrocatalysts. Other equipment in this lab includes Gamry and Solartron workstations. Different electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), chronopotentiometry (CP), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) are used to determine the performance of the electrocatalysts by determining the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA), tafel slopes, overpotentials, charge, capacitance, peak potentials and currents, etc.
Further reading:
Early detection for hydrogen leaks is essential for creation hydrogen safety systems. In order to test for a variety of conditions experimental equipment was developed to change the relative humidity of the hydrogen feed gas. This enables HySA Infrastructure to compare and test hydrogen sensors at laboratory scale and to determine which sensor will work best for different conditions.
Platinum catalysts are prepared from platinum sponge and characterized with the Micromeritics AutoChem. The AutoChem is a fully automated chemisorption analyzer and provides a comprehensive array of highly precise studies of chemical adsorption and temperature-programmed reactions. It provides valuable information about the physical properties of your catalyst, catalyst support, or other materials. It can determine catalytic properties such as percent of metal dispersion, active metal surface area, acid strength, surface acidity, distribution of strength of active sites, BET surface area, and more.
Further reading:
HySA Infrastructure CoC has capabilities to evaluate hydrogen recombination by using Telops Midwave HD Series (M100hd) high-resolution infrared camera (IR). It is typically used to capture thermal data generated during the recombiner experiment. The IR camera is suitable for use in the 3–5 μm IR spectral range. It was calibrated for four filter wheels, which allow the camera to capture electromagnetic intensities corresponding to up to 2500 °C.
Further reading:
HySA Infrastructure has Lab scale hydrogenation and dehydrogenation systems for screening of various catalysts, accelerated stress tests and H2 charging/discharging cycles for LOHCs. It consist of a horizontal fixed-bed reactor (400 ml) designed for H2 production of 3.5 Nl/min, 1-5 bar and 400°C, a down flow fixed-bed reactor (800 ml) with H2 consumption of 3 Nl/min at 40 bar and 300°C and a batch reactor (250 ml) with H2 production capabilities of 500 Nml/min at 1-5 bar and 400°C.
Further reading:
HySA Infrastructure CoC has capabilities to develop and test various architectures and concepts for CCMs for task-specific applications for various hydrogen-related technologies, such as EHC (electrochemical hydrogen compression), WE (water electrolysis), etc. CCMs of up to 480 cm2 can be fabricated while maintaining full control of the catalyst layer’s properties, e.g., reactive metal loading, and catalyst layer thickness and composition.
Further reading:
HySA Infrastructure has a fully functional analytical laboratory. The Scion 436 GC-SQ-MS is used for qualification and quantification of complex mixtures of LOHCs.The Anton-Paar refractometer has the ability to determine the refractive index with an accuracy of up to ± 0.00002 nD, within a measuring range of 1.26 nD to 1.72 nD and a temperature range from 4 °C to 125 °C and is employed to measure the degree of hydrogenation of LOHCs. The NanoPlus DLS Nano Particle Size and Zeta Potential Analyzer is a unique instrument that utilizes photon correlation spectroscopy and electrophoretic light scattering techniques to determine particle size and zeta potential and is used for characterization of prepared catalysts.
Further reading:
HySA Infrastructure established a state-of-the-art electrolyser prototyping facility equipped with a full operational workshop which includes a specialized three axis CNC machine with a 20-pocket carousel and 15 000-rpm spindle.
Further reading:
A promising possibility to utilize PGMs as electrocatalysts is to electrochemically compress hydrogen to reduce hydrogen storage costs. The same principle can be employed to purify hydrogen. An EHC consist of three main components i.e. Cathode, Anode and Membrane. The Anode and Cathode is connected to a DC current. Low pressure hydrogen is fed to the Anode and hydrogen is oxidised to produce protons and electrons. The proton passes through the membrane and the electrons moves through the electric circuit. Once the protons are re-joined by electrons at the Cathode, hydrogen molecules forms and this leads to an increase in pressure until the supply of either current of hydrogen is stopped.
Further reading:
At HySA Infrastructure we make use of a state-of-the-art electrolyser testing station that can fully characterise short stacks up to 2.5kW. It can be programmed to monitor and log data such as water conductivity, voltage and current, differential stack temperature and pressure, hydrogen and oxygen flow rates, crossover rates (% H2 in O2 and %O2 in H2) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It is also equipped with several safety features which will automatically initiate a nitrogen purge procedure in case a hydrogen leak is detected.
Further reading:
The hydrogen dispensing container consists of a complete solution for remote on-site hydrogen production, storage, and dispensing. The containerised solution is designed and commissioned to fit into a 20” ISO container. The container includes a hydrogen generator based on PEM technology, a water demineralising system, a chiller system, and a hydrogen booster and high-pressure hydrogen storage at 350 bar equipped with a hydrogen dispenser. The container only requires a 3-phase electrical connection and regular filling of the water tank.
Further reading:
A shipping container was converted into a mobile site office and control room for the test site. A 3.36kWp solar PV system including inverter and 4.8kWh lithium-ion battery storage provides uninterrupted power supply to the office independent of the rest of the site, to ensure constant functioning of crucial hydrogen safety equipment, dedicated detection and security systems, access control and internet connect.
Further reading:
The Trotec Speedy 100 Flexx Laser cutter is part of various prototyping equipment at HySA Infrastructure.
Further reading:
HySA Infrastructure established a state-of-the-art electrolyser prototyping facility equipped with a full operational workshop which includes a specialized three axis CNC machine with a 20-pocket carousel and 15 000-rpm spindle.
Further reading:
HySA Infrastructure has been successfully operating the first of its kind Solar-to-Hydrogen system in South Africa since 2013. Several systems and upgrades have been commissioned ranging from 0.5 kg Hydrogen per day up to 9kg per day of ultra-pure green hydrogen. Currently, HySA Infrastructure has a combined storge of more than 280 kg of hydrogen with the maximum allowed storage at their G10 facility capped at 55 kg at 200 bar pressure.
Further reading:
HySA Infrastructure has Lab scale hydrogenation and dehydrogenation systems for screening of various catalysts, accelerated stress tests and H2 charging/discharging cycles for LOHCs. It consist of a horizontal fixed-bed reactor (400 ml) designed for H2 production of 3.5 Nl/min, 1-5 bar and 400°C, a down flow fixed-bed reactor (800 ml) with H2 consumption of 3 Nl/min at 40 bar and 300°C and a batch reactor (250 ml) with H2 production capabilities of 500 Nml/min at 1-5 bar and 400°C.
Further reading:
The Nafion® membrane is commonly used as a proton-conducting membrane for PGM-based electrochemical systems. The PEM is also the main contributor to the overall cell resistance; therefore, proton conductivity must be evaluated at various conditions. Traditional characterization techniques focus on in-plane conductivity, which measures the proton conduction on the surface of the membrane. To get a better understanding of the actual effect of membrane resistance as a function of thickness, the proton conduction through the membrane (through-plane) must be examined. HySA Infrastructure developed a hardware coupled to a Solatron SI 1287 Potentiostat and 1252 A Frequency Response Analyser to measure the through-plane conductivity of Nafion® 117, 115, 1110, etc.
Further reading:
Virtual Tours by:
CFD Productions
+27 73 269 9983
andrew@cfd-productions.co.za
The use of hydrogen is not limited to fuel cell applications. The combustion of hydrogen will likely form a large part of a hydrogen energy economy. HySA has undertaken the development of materials for passive autocatalytic hydrogen recombination for the removal of leaked hydrogen, as well as for hydrogen-based cookers/spatial heaters. Catalyst development is centred on high thermal conductivity to mitigate risks associated with hydrogen flashing.